Search results for "taloudelliset vaikutukset"
showing 10 items of 36 documents
Drivers, barriers and impacts of digitalisation in rural areas from the viewpoint of experts
2022
Abstract Context: The domain of rural areas, including rural communities, agriculture, and forestry, is going through a process of deep digital transformation. Digitalisation can have positive impacts on sustainability in terms of greater environmental control, and community prosperity. At the same time, it can also have disruptive effects, with the marginalisation of actors that cannot cope with the change. When developing a novel system for rural areas, requirements engineers should carefully consider the specific socio-economic characteristics of the domain, so that potential positive effects can be maximised, while mitigating negative impacts. Objective: The goal of this paper is to sup…
Effects of the European Monetary Union on High-Technology Exports
2021
AbstractOur study estimates the effects of the European Monetary Union (EMU) on high-technology (HT) export and assesses the potential knowledge spillovers of such trade. Irrespective of the importance of the HT trade channel, none of the previous studies in the literature focus on the effects of a common currency on HT trade. Increasing trade in the HT sector may lead to more efficient use of resources and help countries to move towards a knowledge-based economy. Moreover, it may lead to higher overall growth. After considering multilateral resistances, pair fixed effects and bias correction in the preferred (three-way bias-corrected) model, EMU membership becomes negative and statisticall…
Entrepreneurial choices depend on trust : Some global evidence
2022
Interpersonal trust and people’s trust in institutions are important components of social capital, which has been shown to have not only innate social value but also diverse direct and indirect positive social and economic impacts. Using data for an economically and globally diverse group of countries, we examine empirically how changes in interpersonal trust and trust in institutions affect entrepreneurship over time. Our findings suggest that (1) enhancing either type of trust leads to more entrepreneurial activity and (2) an increase in interpersonal trust causes a structural change in the composition of the TEA-type entrepreneurship. Increased trust reduces the share of relatively lower…
Economising failure and assembling a failure regime
2023
Sociologists have largely neglected the topic of failure, and particularly the economising of failure, notwithstanding notable exceptions. This is puzzling, given the many adjacent literatures that have addressed the practices and processes of economising. Four features define our approach. First, it is argued that failure has none of the objectivity or inevitability often attributed to it. Second, it is suggested that failure be viewed as a variable ontology object. Third, attention is directed to the calculative infrastructures that operationalise the ideas of failing and failure, and enable them to be acted upon. Fourth, emphasis is placed on the importance of distinguishing between fail…
The effects of COVID-19-era unemployment and business closures upon the physical and mental health of older Europeans : Mediation through financial c…
2023
COVID-19-era lockdown policies resulted in many older persons entering unemployment, facing financial difficulties and social restrictions, and experiencing declining health. Employing the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe's first COVID-19 module (summer 2020) (N = 11,231) and the Karlson-Holm-Breen method for decomposition of effects within non-linear probability models (logistic regression modelling), we examined associations of pandemic-era lost work with older Europeans' (50–80 years of age) self-assessed health, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms, and mediation through households' difficulties making ends meet, loneliness, and curtailed face-to-face contact with …
Alueellisten panos-tuotostaulujen johtaminen FLQ-menetelmän avulla
2014
Tämän tutkielman tavoitteena on johtaa Keski-Suomen maakunnan panos-tuotostaulut vuoden 2011 kansallisista tauluista FLQ-menetelmän avulla ja soveltaa saatuja kertoimia Jyväskylän voima Oy:n polttoaineiden hankintojen synnyttämien aluetaloudellisten vaikutusten selvittämisessä. Välittömien ja välillisten tuotantovaikutusten lisäksi tutkimuksessa on selvitetty polttoaineiden hankintojen synnyttämät työllisyysvaikutukset sekä kulutuskysynnäksi jäävät tulovaikutukset. Suomessa Tilastokeskus on julkaissut alueelliset maakuntakohtaiset panos-tuotostaulut koskien vuosia 1995 ja 2002, joista jälkimmäinen jäi rahoitussyistä viimeiseksi julkaisuksi. Maakuntakohtaiset panos-tuotostaulut olisivat kuit…
Quantifying trade-offs between ecological gains, economic costs, and landowners' preferences in boreal mire protection.
2021
Private land often encompasses biodiversity features of high conservation value, but its protection is not straightforward. Commonly, landowners’ perspectives are rightfully allowed to influence conservation actions. This unlikely comes without consequences on biodiversity or other aspects such as economic considerations, but these consequences are rarely quantitatively considered in decision-making. In the context of boreal mire protection in Finland, we report how acknowledging landowners’ resistance to protection changes the combination of mires selected to conservation compared to ignoring landowners’ opinions. Using spatial prioritization, we quantify trade-offs arising between the amo…
Suomen viinitilojen taloudellinen merkitys : tilaliköörin myynnin vapauttamisen vaikutus
2011
Suomessa on vuonna 2011 ollut toiminnassa noin kolmekymmentä viinitilaa. Viinitilatoiminnan mahdollisti vuonna 1995 voimaan tullut lakimuutos, joka antoi viinitiloille mahdollisuuden myydä tuottamaansa viiniä kuluttajille suoraan tilalta. Viinitilat sijaitsevat pääasiassa maaseudulla ja ne ovat sijoittuneet ympäri Suomea. Viinitilatoiminta elävöittää maaseutua tarjoamalla työpaikkoja ja houkuttelemalla alueelle matkailijoita. Viinitilat valmistavat monesti mietojen juomien lisäksi myös liköörejä, mutta ne saavat myydä tilalta vain alle 13 tilavuusprosentin vahvuisia juomia. Kysymys liköörin myynnin vapauttamisesta on ollut esillä jo vuosia, mutta siihen ei ole vielä saatu vastausta. Viiniti…
Exposing ecological and economic costs of the research-implementation gap and compromises in decision making
2018
The frequently discussed gap between conservation science and practice is manifest in the gap between spatial conservation prioritization plans and their implementation. We analyzed the research-implementation gap of one zoning case by comparing results of a spatial prioritization analysis aimed at avoiding ecological impact of peat mining in a regional zoning process with the final zoning plan. We examined the relatively complex planning process to determine the gaps among research, zoning, and decision making. We quantified the ecological costs of the differing trade-offs between ecological and socioeconomic factors included in the different zoning suggestions by comparing the landscape-l…
Regional economic structures in Finland : analyses of location and regional economic impact
2007
This dissertation consists of nine empirical studies which seek to broaden understanding of Finnish regional economic structures. These studies are divided between two topics: 1) regional specialization and industrial concentration in Finland, and 2) regional economic impact analysis. The empirical studies are preceded by an introduction, in which the theoretical background, outline and the main results of the thesis are presented. The research on the first topic is guided by the new economic geography literature, from which answers are sought to the location and agglomeration questions addressed in this dissertation. Evidence is found of increasing post-recession specialization in Finland.…